Total synthesis and algaecidal activity of questiomycins against harmful bloom forming dinoflagellates

Abstract

We report the total synthesis of questiomycins A, C-E and analogues, and their algaecidal activity against three harmful bloom- and toxin-forming algae: Karenia brevis, Prorocentrum cordatum, and Amphidinium carterae. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed potent derivatives with distinct modes of action, signalling their potential as targeted agents for harmful algal bloom control.